Cultural Comparison Paper - 830 Words

Cultural Comparison Paper There are many cultural differences between the United States and France. Some of these are simply social and others are cultural. Hofstede’s Value Dimensions can be used to highlight the differences between the cultures. Individualism vs collectivism, uncertainty avoidance, masculinity/femininity, power distance, and long-term vs short-term orientation are all characteristics that differ between France and the United States. In Communications Between Cultures individualism and collectivism are described by researchers as â€Å"self-orientation versus collective orientation as one of the basic pattern variables that determine human action.† These differences can be found in family life, school, and workplace†¦show more content†¦The cultures prefer as few rules as possible. Typically, people in these cultures don’t easily express their emotions. Hofstede uses the words masculinity and femininity to refer to the degree to w hich masculine or feminine traits are valued or revealed (Samovar, Porter and McDaniel). The United States rates as a moderately masculine. Countries that favor masculinity stress equity, competition, and performance(Yates). They also strive for material success and expected to respect whatever is big, strong, and fast. France values femininity and stress equality, solidarity, and quality of work life (Yates). A feminine worldview maintains that men can assume nurturing roles while promoting sexual equality. One major difference in masculine/feminine cultures is the role of the woman in the workplace and at home. Feminine societies expect women to work and often provide the necessary social support systems. Although the United States is more masculine than France both countries treat females as equals. Power distance describes the distance between power and the members of a particular culture. France has a higher power distance than the United States. Gudykunst describes co untries with a high power distance as, â€Å"Individuals who accept power as part of society. As such superiors consider their subordinates to be different from themselves and viceShow MoreRelatedSpan 110 Complete Course Span110 Complete Course695 Words   |  3 Pagescom/q/span-110-complete-course-span110-complete-course/13563 SPAN 110 WEEK 2 TEAM ASSIGNMENT CULTURAL SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES IN THE ARTS PAPER Select  two countries where Spanish is the predominant language to serve as the basis for the Learning Team assignments in this course. Obtain faculty approval for your selections. Research  the cultural customs, such as dance, music, theater, and the visual arts for each of your selected countries. Write  a 700- to 1,050-word paper on the cultural customs in your selected countries. Include theRead MoreHum 111 Confucius and Aristotle Paper814 Words   |  4 PagesHUM 111 CONFUCIUS AND ARISTOTLE PAPER Click Link Below To Buy: http://hwcampus.com/shop/hum-111-confucius-and-aristotle-paper/ Choose one (1) of the topics from the list of topic choices below. Read the topic carefully. Write a three to four (3-4) page paper (750-1,000 words) that follows instructions and covers each part of the topic. (The title page and References list do not get included in this word count). For the topic you choose: 1. Establish a clear thesis about your topicRead Moree-Book to Enhance Pharmaceutical Learning836 Words   |  3 PagesIdentify students weakness - Concepts†(Pg 12), the bar chart that compared all the questions has showed a decreased number of â€Å"Strongly Agree + Agree† and an increased number of â€Å"Strongly Disagree + Disagree† in question 3, question 5 and question 9 in comparison to other questions. These results from section 1 showed students expressed least understanding in the following areas : Q3, The concept of volume of distribution (VD) Q5, How the concepts of clearance, half-life and rate constants, volume and areaRead MoreIs English Native Speakers Use A Greater Number Of Singular Self Mention?1410 Words   |  6 Pagesforms. This confirms the previous findings that primarily plural self-mention is employed in academic writing in Slavic languages (Vassileva, 1998), and that academic texts in English by native speakers show the greatest use of singular forms in comparison to other languages (Flottum, 2005; Molino, 2010; Vassileva, 1998; Wu Zhu, 2014; Yakhontova, 2002; 2006). 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This paper tries to grope for cultural origins behind those external different family values between China and US. Firstlyï ¼Å' this paper makes the comparison between Chinese family value and American family value. Secondlyï ¼Å' it illustrates the differences of family values from family structureï ¼Å' familyRead MoreAn Individual’S Sexual Curiosity In And Enticement To Other1095 Words   |  5 Pagesenvironment. Sexuality among human impacts and it is influenced by, cultural, political, and theoretical aspects of life. It may also intermingle with matters of ethics, morality, religion and theology (Laumann et al., 2006). Culture play a major role in altering how sexuality and sexual activities are construed. Human sexuality is a portion of human social life and it governs through producing behavior guidelines. Social and cultural factors such as religion, politics and mass media generate social

Essay on Marketing of the Sport Celebrity - 2080 Words

The business of sports marketing has become both lucrative and influential in shaping sport in general and the individual athletes. The desire for endorsement offers and profitable media coverage has become a crucial facet of modern sport. With a selection of athletes making millions of dollars a year, outside of their sporting arena, it is obvious to see the impact of marketing and advertising on sport. In this essay I will examine the ways in which marketing effects the athletes and sport in general. Also, I will identify the characteristics of a marketable sporting celebrity and further look into African American athletes specifically and the way the African American community is marketed. Sport has not always been covered in†¦show more content†¦In the 1970s there was a greater power to shape perceptions about these athletes. With this new desire for exciting sports figures, the new task became finding marketable and lucrative athletes that stood out from the masses. Star potential is crucial when marketing an athlete to be a celebrity. The athlete must have a unique personality, something bold and different that makes them shine from the rest. There are different facets of marketable celebrities such as the strong fierce athlete, the hero, and the controversial player. Examples of controversial athletes are Mike Tyson, Charles Barkley, Dennis Rodman and Alex Higgins. The hero athlete is someone like Tiger Woods or Michael Jordan. And lastly the strong and fierce competitor like Allen Iverson or Muhammad Ali, are all marketable athletes who have become household names. What makes a popular athlete so exciting is that because athletes are usually so quiet; the ones that do speak are listened to. Due to the popularity of these stars, their pay checks back up the idea of sport as big business. George Steinbrenner of the New York Yankees says that the players salaries depend on how many fannies he puts in the seats (Quirk 216). In understandi ng this, it greatly highlights the importance of marketing to modern sport and way athletes are paid. For example, New York Yankee Derek Jeter would have beenShow MoreRelatedGatorade Branding Strategy1569 Words   |  6 PagesResearch Background Gatorade has emerged as the global leader in sports nutrition beverages by continually managing their brand to signify high energy, athletic excellence combine with one of the most efficient new product development and introduced processes in the beverage industry. As a result of being able to consistently synchronize these many components of their business so well, Gatorade today holds a 75% market share in the sports nutrition market globally today. Gatorade is owned by PepsiCoRead MoreThe Branding Strategy of Gatorade: An Analysis1449 Words   |  6 Pagesimages that symbolize exceptional athletic performance, high energy, and prowess in sports and in life will succeed. This is especially the case when the branding strategy is strongly supported by an exceptionally effective research and development (RD) strategy, in addition to having exceptional control over quality, distribution and the entire customer experiences. Gatorade today holds over 75% of the total sports nutrition ma rket globally as a result of their ability to orchestrate these diverseRead MoreThe Marketing Strategy Of Gatorade1298 Words   |  6 Pagesshould have a marketing strategies to grab the attention of the viewers and hopefully lure them to try or buy the product. Yesterday, I read an advertisement for Gatorade and I said to myself, no wonder why Gatorade has been at the top of their competition for a long time now. The secret is they know how to advertise! The flavor of their drinks has been the same for over a decades now. But like a weather Gatorade is year-round they never get out of style, as long as there is a sport to play GatoradeRead More Celebrity Puppets Essay1086 Words   |  5 PagesCelebrity Puppets The concept of using sports stars to market non-sport items has soared to new heights. Every corporation in the world is trying to get the edge over their competitors. The classic example is that of the â€Å"Cola Wars.† During the 1980s, Pepsi and Coca Cola began an advertising slugfest, in which Pepsi emerged victorious by using Madonna and Michael Jackson as puppets in their commercials. These two companies, as well as thousands of others, have taken advantage of exposing celebritiesRead MoreThe Mass Media Has Become Apart Of Culture1068 Words   |  5 Pagesto avoid. A prime example, The Time Inc. hit publication Sports Illustrated is an American sports media magazine for the everyday sports fan. Read by millions, this magazine is the leading sports publication in the North America. This magazine is very well kenned for its glossy sleek pages of athletes and celebrities to advertisements unrelated to sports. Driven to maximize profits, publishers utilize articles and stor ies as a way of marketing. By investigating critical perspectives such as MarxismRead MoreNike Strategy1302 Words   |  6 Pagessupplier of athletic shoes, apparel and sports equipment. We will see how this company managed to expand internationally and control the sportswear arena completely by utilizing marketing strategy centering around brand image which is attained by distinctive logo and the advertising slogan: Just Do It and the company promotes its product by sponsorship agreements with celebrity athletes, professional teams and college athletic teams. However, Nike s marketing mix contains many elements besides promotionsRead MoreNike vs. Reebok1362 Words   |  6 Pageshad made a very basic strategy work; make the products that fit their consumers needs. Examples of great decision making are: • Diversifying products (into sports wears and others) was a smart move that had contributed to the current and growing success of Nike. • Nikes managements bet on celebrities marketing. These athlete celebrities including Michael Jordan and Tiger Woods had introduced and placed Nike and its swoosh logo into peoples mind worldwide. • Strategy planning on relationshipRead MoreNike vs. Reebok1378 Words   |  6 Pageshad made a very basic strategy work; make the products that fit their consumers needs. Examples of great decision making are: • Diversifying products (into sports wears and others) was a smart move that had contributed to the current and growing success of Nike. • Nikes managements bet on celebrities marketing. These athlete celebrities including Michael Jordan and Tiger Woods had introduced and placed Nike and its swoosh logo into peoples mind worldwide. • Strategy planning on relationshipRead MoreNike Case Study1112 Words   |  5 Pagesthe pyramid were the Ultimate/Performance Athletes. These included big names in the fields of running sports. They are the people who join sports to be athletes. The second in line are those people who are not necessarily athletes, however, the activities they carry out are athletic in nature. Lastly, the third tier of the pyramid included those people who are influenced by the culture of sport. Nike decided to target these segments using what they call the Pyramid of influence. They believed thatRead MoreReebok Swot Analysis1314 Words   |  6 PagesSWOT Analysis Reebok experienced a period of strong growth and success in the 80 s and 90 s, though new developments in the sports market are challenging Reebok and are changing its competitive situation. The following analysis gives an overview of were Reebok is standing at the moment and what their challenges for the future are. On the basis of this analysis Reebok can set out their strategy for the future and anticipate on the opportunities and threats they are facing. Strengths Size

How Precedents Are Applied in Court and the Rules of Statutory Interpretation free essay sample

Aims and Outcomes I will describe how precedents are applied in court and explain the rules of statutory interpretation. Firstly I will explain what a precedent is. Precedent â€Å"In common law legal systems, a precedent or authority is a legal case establishing a principle or rule that a court or other judicial body utilizes when deciding subsequent cases with similar issues or facts† Example Lets say that a Court establishes that it is illegal for people to smoke or be in possession of Tobacco. The Court has clearly explained, in its decision, why it is illegal according to law to smoke Tobacco. This is Case A. Now, someone is arrested for smoking Tobacco, and is tried in Court for breach of this new law. The Judges in this case, in order to explain why they are holding the person guilty, will refer to Case A, which put down the principles concerning this offence. Case A thus becomes a precedent. A precedent is usually a decision which is so important and so well explained that it clears the fog surrounding certain issues and, in so doing, guides Courts in the future, whenever any dispute arises concerning those issues. Example 2 A court decision that becomes a rule used to makefuture decisions. For example:The government passes a law saying that ugly shirts may no longer be worn, but doesnt specify what ugly means. You wear a lime green shirt and are arrested and found guilty. You appeal the decision. A court decides to write some rules regarding what qualifies as ugly, so that the lower courts and law enforcement have a better idea what is legal. This decision, if applied broadly to the issue, becomes a judicial precedent thatother courts are meant to follow. It is different from a law because the same court or a higher  could decide to change it, setting a new precedent. How precedents are applied in court If a Judge in a magistrate’s court makes up a new law, it can be discarded by a judge from a higher up court, but not vice versa. Also if a judge comes across a case where there may be a relevant previous decision made by either the court they are currently in or another one in the hierarchy they have four possible courses of actions: Follow- If the facts are similar in the case then the judge will chose to follow the precedent in place. Distinguish- If the facts are different then the judge can distinguish between the two cases and doesnt need to follow the original precedent. Overrule If the original precedent was set in a lower court the judge may overrule it if they disagree with it. (As I stated earlier). Reverse- If the decision made by a lower court is appealed to a higher one the higher court may reverse the decision if they think the lower court has misinterpreted the law. Example of a precedent been applied in court. â€Å"A husband had sexual intercourse with his wife without her consent. The married couple had separated, but the husband forced his way into his wifes home and forced her to have intercourse with him. Up until this time the common law rule was that a husband could not be criminally liable for raping his wife, as the womans marriage vows constituted ongoing consent for sexual relations. The judge in R v R 1991 recognised the changed attitudes of society towards the status of women and created judicial precedent which outlined that all non-consensual intercourse was rape, regardless of marital status† Basically before this case it was not illegal for a husband to rape his wife because it was in their marriage vows. So the judge made it law that it is illegal for a husband to rape his wife. Thus preventing husbands in future cases, standing up and saying their not doing anything illegal. Statute law Statute law is law that has been formally written down and recorded in an Act of Parliament. It has three parts, each if which has a role to play in making the law. Statute law differs from common law in the Following ways: It was created by Parliament, not by judges. It is not bound by judicial precedent. It can abolish and replace common law. It is formally recorded in an Act of law. Basically it’s a law made by parliament. Rules of statutory interpretation. The literal rule â€Å"According to this rule the workings of the Act must be interpreted according to its literal and grammatical meaning. † For example in Fisher v Bell (1961) The defendant, a shopkeeper, was prosecuted for displaying an illegal flick-knife for sale. Because it is an offense to offer such an item for sale (Restriction Of Offensive Weapons Act 1951) he was convicted. On appeal, however, it was held that â€Å"offer for sale† has a technical meaning in law, and a shop window display is an Invitation to Treat, not an Offer in contractual terms. The conviction was therefore quashed. The golden rule- â€Å"The golden rule of statutory interpretation  may be applied where  an application of the  literal rule would lead to an absurdity. † For Example in the case of Sigsworth (1935) The court decided that a man who had murdered his mother was not entitled to inherit her estate even though the Administration of Estates Act 1925 said that where a will had not been made the persons estate should go to the next of kin. In this case the next of kin was the persons murderer and this would have been a ridiculous result. The mischief rule The mischief rule of statutory interpretation is the oldest of the rules. The mischief rule  was established in  Heydon (1584) In this rule the courts try to discover what mischief the Act of Parliament was trying to remedy and then interpret the words accordingly. An example of this is Smith v Hughes (1960). A prostitute claimed that she was not soliciting for business even though she was attracting the attention of male passers-by, tapping on the window of a house. The Street Offences Act (1959) made it a criminal offence to solicit for business in a public place or a street. The prostitute argued that since she was not in a public place she was not guilty of an offence. The court found that the mischief that Act had been created to remedy was to try to stop people being solicited in the street and since she was attracting the attention of people in the street she was guilty of an offence. Advantages of these rules. Closes loopholes and allows the law to develop and adapt to changing needs, Recognises Parliament as the supreme law maker. Disadvantages of these rules. Judges can bring their own views, sense of morality and  prejudices to a case. Can be difficult to interpret. .

Transformational acting Essay Example For Students

Transformational acting Essay Transformational acting is a another technique our group choose to utilize as it shows the characters current feelings and raw selves in order to transform who they are and their emotional ranges into that of the characters they portray. In doing so, they function, take action and live the reality and lifestyle of these characters, without having to use the past or imagining the future. Amir, as narrator moves in and out time and instigates the time changes and actor transformations. An example of this is in scene two; Amir begins to tell the story of how he and his family came to be in Australia and in doing so creates the shift in time and enterers/ becomes the character he is telling the story about. He starts the scene off by making the audience believe he is about to narrate the story when all sudden he starts grabbing characters, Stephanie becomes Penny Boulton and Brendan becomes James Boulton and the story goes on to take a and intriguing turn. This is an effective technique as it really engages the audience by keeping them intrigued in the play as it draws them into the story and is an interesting way of acting out the story rather then just narrating it. This was an important technique we choose to utilize as it was throughout the play as a means of telling the story. We will write a custom essay on Transformational acting specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now There where also various techniques in A Beautiful Life that we choose not to utilize. The symbol of the rose being one of them. This was mainly due to the fact that we could not adequately explore and develop this idea of freedom through the use of roses given the amount of time that we have.  A Beautiful Life follows the Brechtian, theatre of cruelty and contemporary theatre performance conventions in order to challenge assumptions rethink beliefs or reaffirm certainties. The Brechtian idea of retelling a story or events to assist the audiences understanding is used in our performance. The ideas of justice, abuse of power and prejudice are important issues the combined story of the protest and the refugee explore to communicate to an Australian audience as means of provoking social change as Brecht conventions indented it to be. An example of this is the way our performance positions the audience to see the Iranians in a sympthetic way. We show cruel, harsh and unfair imprisonment and its conditions forcing the audience to become discussed with what theyve seen and call for social change. Theatre of cruelty is the attack on the scenses and aims at challenging audiences pre conceived ideas and innocent conceptions to create new awareness so as the audience can actively take this movement and change the cause and reasons for this such extortionary theatre, using a minimalist stage, lighting and minimalist costumes. Contemporary Australian Drama is the means in which a story is developed in new ways to assist audiences interpret the ideas and images presented in the theatre. In A Beautiful Life and our play some of the unique techniques used to convey the issues of modern theatre are used, these being: transformational acting, narrator, and non-English language, to convey modern Australian issues of multiculturalism. Our play uses the techniques, conventions, background and the ideas presented in A Beautiful Life to create a small scale version of the combined histories of the refugee musician and the Iranian Embassy protest. We have conveyed the ideas of modern Australian issues regarding multiculturalism, prejudice, injustice and brutality to through an array dramatic forms and techniques. We have accurately conveyed a reflection on the ways in which our Performance reflects the performance style, dramatic techniques and conventions, conveys ideas and develops a response from the audience, and reflects the historical and social background A Beautiful Life presents.

Free Essays on Gulf Oil

Gulf Oil Case Summary Oct 1, 2003 This article dealt with the Gulf Oil takeover. Standard Oil Co. of California's (Socal) opportunity came virtually overnight. The Gulf Corporation, the nation's fifth largest petroleum company, had been under siege from an investor group seeking to Gain control of the company and sell it piecemeal for a quick profit. After warding off a takeover bid, Gulf's Board of Directors chose to offer the company up for sale. George Keller of Standard Oil Company is deciding whether of not to take it over and how much to bid on the stock. Since there are other competitors also interested in the company, Keller has to make a decision on how much to pay fast. Right now they had a very low ratio which would allow them to bid as high as 79 or 80 since they could easily borrow vast amounts of cash from creditors. This gave them an advantage over ARCO. After acquisition they would be able to handle this high debt to capital ratio in the short run, but would have to be reduced it within the next few years. Its interesting how a few months prior the stock was valued at $40 per share. This is probably because if Keller or the other bidders purchased this company, they would double their reserves of high-quality light oil. Gulf Oil spent a lot of funds on exploration and development. Although a time consuming process, this was extremely valuable for the company by increasing their reserves. Keller is contemplating using these finds which total $2 billion in order to lower their debt to capital ratio. I feel this is a bad idea. Although they would have double the reserves, they would possible jeopardize their future and allow other companies to more find oil. If they continue with the exploration and development this would lift the company to a leading position. I feel it would be better to sell off assets in order to lower the debt. Since this merger would double it’s size, they could affor... Free Essays on Gulf Oil Free Essays on Gulf Oil Gulf Oil Case Summary Oct 1, 2003 This article dealt with the Gulf Oil takeover. Standard Oil Co. of California's (Socal) opportunity came virtually overnight. The Gulf Corporation, the nation's fifth largest petroleum company, had been under siege from an investor group seeking to Gain control of the company and sell it piecemeal for a quick profit. After warding off a takeover bid, Gulf's Board of Directors chose to offer the company up for sale. George Keller of Standard Oil Company is deciding whether of not to take it over and how much to bid on the stock. Since there are other competitors also interested in the company, Keller has to make a decision on how much to pay fast. Right now they had a very low ratio which would allow them to bid as high as 79 or 80 since they could easily borrow vast amounts of cash from creditors. This gave them an advantage over ARCO. After acquisition they would be able to handle this high debt to capital ratio in the short run, but would have to be reduced it within the next few years. Its interesting how a few months prior the stock was valued at $40 per share. This is probably because if Keller or the other bidders purchased this company, they would double their reserves of high-quality light oil. Gulf Oil spent a lot of funds on exploration and development. Although a time consuming process, this was extremely valuable for the company by increasing their reserves. Keller is contemplating using these finds which total $2 billion in order to lower their debt to capital ratio. I feel this is a bad idea. Although they would have double the reserves, they would possible jeopardize their future and allow other companies to more find oil. If they continue with the exploration and development this would lift the company to a leading position. I feel it would be better to sell off assets in order to lower the debt. Since this merger would double it’s size, they could affor...

Are modern humans biologically related to Neanderthals Essay

Are modern humans biologically related to Neanderthals - Essay Example The result of the studies shows that the modern humans originated from Africa about 150,000 years ago and were dispersed to other parts of the world where they replaced Neanderthals rather than interbreeding with them. This is clearly evidenced by the discovery of skeletal remains of anatomically modern humans in different parts of the world. Anatomically modern humans were discovered in Africa while distinctively modern humans were discovered in Europe and Asia. The anatomically modern humans existed 150,000 years ago while the distinctive modern populations existed 40,000 years ago. Archaeological evidence also shows that Aurignacian technologies were spread across central, southeastern and Western Europe through the dispersion modern human from Africa. The Aurignacian technologies of modern human emerged directly from the Neanderthal technologies; indicating that the Neanderthals of Asia and Europe associated with new populations from Africa. Another group of the modern human was dispersed along the coastal Mediterranean of Europe. Neanderthal genes disappeared in Europe because there was a direct competition between the Neanderthals and the modern humans in terms space and resources. The modern humans won because they had more complex technology and organization.According to Mellars (2004), there must have been great contact and interaction between modern populations expanding into Europe and the indigenous Neanderthals across Europe. These interactions were mainly behavioral.

Decision Making Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Decision Making - Term Paper Example Although different concepts on the theoretical framework for decision making have emerged, the standard decision-making model used in organizations focus on the rational model involving â€Å"a cognitive process where each step follows in a logical order from the one before†¦ (and) it is based on thinking through and weighing up the alternatives to come up with the best potential result† (decision-making-confidence.com 1). On the other hand, authors Ticha, Hron and Fiedler wrote an article entitled â€Å"Managerial decision making – importance of intuition in the rational process† published in the Agricultural Economics Journal which aimed to determine the role of intuition in the decision making process (Ticha, Hron and Fiedler). In this regard, the purpose of the paper is to choose a real life problem that have either been noted or where one has been a part of and analyze it using one of the theories or ideas discussed in the text or in class. The discours e would analyze the decision making process by linking it to theories and concepts discussed to derive a deeper understanding of both the problem and potential solutions through increased knowledge of administrative behavior in organizations. Organizational Problem One has learned from a friend previously employed in a health care organization of a decision making process that involved both the rational model and intuition. By intuition, Ticha, et al. ... involves the manifested difficulties of nurses managers to comply with their responsibilities that involve not only patient care but complying with documentation and reportorial obligations. According to nurse managers, the need to do some administrative and clerical tasks divide their focus on patient care, causing lower productivity and performance. Other symptoms of confounding problems are exemplified through back-logs in complying with monthly reports on status of medical equipment and supplies under their jurisdiction, performance evaluations of nurses, and scheduling vacation leaves and trainings for nurses. Alternative Courses of Action and Analysis of Options Using the rational model of decision making, since the problem has already been identified, the alternative courses of action were enumerated by department managers for presentation to the Vice President of Nursing and to be forwarded to the President and CEO for approval. The different options presented were as follows : (1) Status quo or do nothing, by forcing the nurse managers to comply with both adminstrative obligations and patient care. The advantage of this option is that there would not be any displacement or changes that could possible be met by resistance and difficulties in implementation. The disadvantage of this alternative is contined backlog in reports that could be significantly detrimental in the long run since the accuracy in information for performance of personnel, inventories of equipment and supplies and scheduling of vacation leaves are lacking, there are strong possibilities for insufficient supplies, demotivated staff and delayed promotions. In addition, patient care, which is of utmost importance would likely suffer as well. (2) Review the responsibilities of the nurse managers